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Hellenistic Thrace
323 BCE - 681 CE
(Please follow this link for Classical Thrace coins)
Athens formed an alliance with Odrysian King Ketriporis of Thrace and Illyrians against Philip II of Macedonia in 358 BCE. Philip II defeated the coalition in 353 BCE and waged his first campaign against the Thrace in 347-346 BCE. He conquered southern Thrace in 341 BCE. He founded Philippopolis (Plovdiv), Kabyle (Yambol) and other cities near or on older Thracian settlements. The Triballi tribe of Thrace defeated and wounded Philip in 339 BCE.
After Philip died in 336 BCE, the Thracian tribes revolted against his son Alexander III. Alexander waged a campaign against and defeated the Thracian tribe Getai and King Syrmus of the Triballi. All other Thracians submitted to him and sent troops to join his army.
After Alexander died in 323 BCE, Lysimachos seized control of Thrace but only nominally. Odrysian King Seuthes III continued to reign in parallel with the Lysimachos. In 320 BCE, Seuthes III moved Odrysian kingdom to central Thrace and built his capital city at Seuthopolis (Kazanluk). Lysimachus died in a battle against Seleucus in 281 BCE. Thrace came under the rule of Ptolemy II after the battle.
In 273 BCE, Celts invaded and destroyed the Thracian kingdom. They founded a kingdom with Tylis as its capital. Thracian aristocracy escaped to Greek colonies on Black Sea. In 214 BCE, the Thracians destroyed the Celtic kingdom and Thracian King Pleuratus ruled between 213-208 BCE. Philip V of Macedon conquered the Thrace in 202 BCE. Perseus succeeded Philip V in 182 BCE. Perseus was defeated by Romans in 168 BCE. Macedonia with Thrace came under the Roman rule.
Kings and Rulers of Thrace
Seuthes II 341- 291 BCE
Alexander 343-323 BCE
Lysimachos 323-281 BCE
Ptolemy II 281-273 BCE
Celtic Kingdom 273-213 BCE
Pleuratus 213-208 BCE
Philip V of Macedon 208-183 BCE
Kotys II 180-168 BCE
Roman Rule 168-57 BCE
Client Kings of Rome
Kotys III 57-48 BCE
Rhascupolis and Rhascus 48-42 BCE
Rhoemetalces ? - 13 CE
Raskouporis II 13 -19 CE
Kotys IV 13 - 19 CE
Kotys V ?
Roimitalkes II 19-38 CE
Roimitalkes III 38-45 CE
Province Roman Empire
Roman Empire 46 -396 CE
Province of Byzantine Empire
Byzantine Empire 396-681 CE
D. Boteva , Lower Moesia and Thrace in the Roman Imperial System,
A.D. 193-218.
Z. Archibald, The Odrysian Kingdom of Thrace.
Y.Youroukova, Coins of the Ancient Thracians (1976).
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